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HA. UHRY E H. A.' LUTTGENS. VALVEG'EARINGTORISTEAM ENGINES. l Imaz-,564. PATENTED MAR. zo, 1855.

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yBe it 1known that vv HRY and'H. A.

i Passaic?Stateof\'NeW Jersey, have in- F5 vented neW and` useful* Tmprovementsin the llink` motion a applicalole-` to locomotive, `r'narine, and stationary steam-engines for the E190 ofuexpansion-andretardiiigandvaryingthe time of the exhaust;` and" We do thereby deexact description ofjthei same, reference be* ing hadto the accompanying" drawings,

il Figure 1f `is a `frontf"elevationofa stearn engine Withk the improvements applied, Fig.L

TI arr-end elevationandfFig; III"` a plan of i f 111,112() "the same; FigsQIVh and V are a` plan and end'` elevation, oflthesteam cylinder, with the valve chest uncovered, on` a largerscale larger scale,

\ `r`espondingpa1ts in each of thefseveral figures. a i

SO rockerfforming a partof the inain rocker,

A whose` movementsarexcontrolled byfthe` orf `dinary y link inotionf and a quadrant `rocker arm,` which is operated upon by an entiallrocker actuateftwo valves, which are i l one valve or the zone" operated upon by the ordinary link' motion, fulfils the ofiices `-of plying outside leadyand cutting-oft" the i steani in propoitionftol the decrease of travelgthe `other valve, or theon'eoperated i upon lbythe` differential rocker `fulfils` the *f1-5 office ofexhausting the-steam, While at the sanietinier it opensiandcuts ofi' `the admissionofsteam near full strokeofthepiston;

` ""IJUrrGENs, of Patersonyfin,the county oft' y farms' of `the same, While the differential i fclarethatthe follbwingfis afull, cliaigfand` andFigsl VI and" VI-lare front and side elevationaofy apartof the valve" gear on" a p i f is secured by apin tela block Whichdatter ,S'Inilar letters"` oflreference, indicate cori` 1 on invention nonnina inY n "einen@nani` eccentric."I The motionproducedt by'the ori v fdinarylinkqnot-ion, and that ofthe dier i arranged* side by side" the steam chest",`

C `140 distributing: the" steam to `the cylinder, .sup-

a oErioE H, "UERY ANDfi Af. LUTTGENs, oEPATERsoN, NEW JERSEY.

` NAfIivE-GEARLNG. Eoin STEAM-ENGINES.

i Specicationiof Letters Patent Non-l"2,"564,ndatedi1Vlia1c11-20g'185514 The' diiferential rocker ishung upon' a spindle parallel to the inainl rocker shaft, and the spindle is stationary Within `tvvo :rocker turns freely upon it; the latter` is provided with two arms, one forming a `quadrant arm, Which holds a sliding block, v'operated by an eccentric; the extremity of valve rodi,V operating the exhaust" valve, Vthe "motion of which] is mainly dueto the mo- 'Qto the stationaryor shifting-Y link motion,

tion of the block, Withinfthe" quadrant" arm of"` the dilierential rocker. The' eccentric lwhich operates" the quadrant arrn4 of the differential rocker, is iitted andS fastened` upon tliel crankshaft, beside the tW'o eccentrios, which* operate the ordinary link-motion, all r three liavingffinthis case the saineramounto throw; jche .throvv ofthe additional eccentric may v however `be varied 4as deemed proper.` `The eccentric near [its eitrelni'ty `is fitted, so as to slide freely Within` theslot of the quadrant rockerarrn; `the end of the eccentricfrod isjfastened, by a pin `toa connecting` piece, Which' forms a` link between therforrner `and the `reversing lever, the` fulcrunfi of which lia-sits bearing in part` of tlieframing` of the "engine the second arm ofi this-"lever V:forming`v` about anV angle "of 9,0

the reversing" rod, which latter niayibe se`- cured ati its" other extremity,toA an' ordinary `i'eveirsingjlf leyer, `being supplied with`- a hanfdle and catch, the latterfittinginto correspoiidingnotches,l made at the periphery of* a segrnent (in thisf' case" the reversing rod: is itselfsupplied With notbhes, fitting upon a barfastened tothe frainingof the engine). y y y i rIlhe mainyalve, or theone operated upon by the ordinary linkmotion,is"` a solidplate Without* cavities, andl its seat is `provided Withtwo steam-ports, by Which thesteai' Alout-is modified and regulated, by the posi ft'h'e other arm forms a joint, to receiveA a tion of themain rocker, which is connected 1"' `deg."With the former, has secured to its end enters passages leading to the ends of the cylinder. The second valve, or the one operated upon by the differential rocker, is supplied with the exhaust cavity, its seat has two steam ports and one exhaust port, the steam ports opening into the same passages, which lead to the ends of the cylinder, these vpassages being properly extended so as to meet their respective steam-ports. The valve-seats may be made of a \f\/ shape, each forming a seat for one of the two valves, or they may have the shape of an each side of the figure forming a seat for one of the two valves.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention we will proceed to f describe its construction and operation.

A3 represents the framing of a steamengine.

A is the crank-shaft; one of the bearings supporting the same being represented by S which is firmly secured to the framing of the engine.

C and D are two eccentrics operating the link E, and B a third eccentric operating the quadrant arm F of the dierential rocker Gr; all three eccentrics are fitted and fastened upon the crank shaft A. Eccentrics C and D are set in advance of the center line of the shaft, to provide for the lead and lap of the valves, while the center line of eccentric B, falls in the center line or nearly so of the crank, and its center opposite the crank-pin, if the connection between eccentric and valve is intermediate (eccentric and valve moving in opposite direction) on the same side with the crank pin, if the connect-ion between eccentric and valve is direct- (eccentric andvalve moving in the same direction. The eccentric rods R and Q of the eccentrics D and C, are connected to the link E by pins a and b.

rl`he link is provided with a saddle c, bearing a pin upon which is fitted the joint Z of the supporting link e; the other extremity of which, forming the joint f, is connected by a pin to the end of the reversing lever H, the fulcrum of which forms a socket L, fitted so as to turn freely upon the stationary spindle T, which is rmly secured to a part of the framing of the engine; one end of the arm K, fo-rming part of the reversing lever, is fitted and keyed upon the socket L, and its other end is connected by a pin, to the end of reversing rod M, which is provided with notches af, a2, a3, fitting upon the stationary bar N, which latter is firmly secured to a part of the framing of the engine.

A block g, which has fianges on bot-h sidesv of the link, to prevent its lateral motion, is fitted so as to slide freely within the slot of the link E, and is provided with a hole fitting upon the rocker pin p.

The main rocker O, is provided with three arms z', 7c, Z, the arm Z having a hub m, so as to allow room for the eccentric rod ends, and it is also extended beyond the center of the rocker shaft, so as to provide one of the rocker arms, supporting the stationary spindle n, which is fitted into and passes through the center of the differential rocker G, and also in the ends of the rocker arms Z and k, into which it is secured by riveting, as shown at v, while the rocker G is fittedvso as to turn freely upon it. The main rocker C), may be only provided with arms Z and z', in which case the spindle n extends from Z to z' as also the socket of the differential rocker G.

The upper part of the quadrant rockerarm F is of such a shape, as not to come in contact with the main rocker O while at the extremity of its motion; the end of the rocker G is provided with an arm 0, the extremity of which forms a joint for the valve rod p, while the end of the rocker arm z' formsa joint for valve rod g. The bearings? and s, supporting the main rocker O at 9 and s', are secured to some stationary part of the engine, sufficiently strong to support them, being secured in this case to the frame and slides.

The eccentric rod P of the eccentric B, is near its extremity secured by a pin t, to the block u, which latter is fitted, so as to slide freely within the slot o-f the quadrant on F. The end of this eccentric rod, is fastened by a pin to a connect-ing piece n3, which forms a link between the eccentric rod P and reversing lever o, having its fulcrum secured by a pin y, to a part of the framing of the engine, and being fitted so as' to turn freely upon the pin; the arm w, which forms part of this lever, is about at an angle of 90 degrees with the arm o, and has secured to its end by a pin the reversing rod fc, which latter is provided, near its other extremity with notches b', Qb, fitting upon the stationary bar \l. The valve rods j? and q, which are jointed at a and z', pass through stuffing boxes m and Z into the steam chest, and are each connected to their respective valves c and eZ.

The main valve c', rests with its full surface upon its valve seat, which latter is provided with steam ports e and f, while the valve Z is provided with an exhaust cavity 7c', which reaches in this case, from the edge of steam port i to steam port g; its-seat has two steam ports z" and g, and an exhaust port ZL. Both valves are of a V shape, and both ends of the steam valve c', form solid plates, to provide strength for the surface in contact with the seat, the sides of the exhaust cavity c, of valve Z answer the same purpose, the shape of both valves may however be modified, and yet answer the mechanical purpose involved in the claim of the letters patent. Both valve seats, being through the portfNf;` i i ,y `The `steam cylindercH` is as usual prol o vided, with cylinder `heads O and P', the slides Qi and `Rbeing bolted 4to the latter, o having a lbraCltet Xf tio "support them at `boltedifto th sides Cff an El@ otthe steam chest.

parallel with each other,fareucastin one piece with the steam cylinder` Hf, as alsoithe three sides ofthe steam `chest C, D and. i ,o Ethe back of the-steamchestor the side- F facin-githe slides, `which has secured` toit tvvo 3stu tfingfA boiies `Vfaii'd m", is fitted.; and "steam cylinder Hf, and the ,Gf "isi-...fitted and bolted on the The cover y `foursidfesfel", Fand F of the steam chest. The-steam ports gf'and e 'ofthe two valve seatsylif, B join into a `single passage '1v1 leading the. steam. to the front end of thelcylindenwvhile ,thje steam ports z" and f" joininto passage 1K `leading the steam to the backend ofthe cylinder; the end ofthel t exhaust pont and ifpassage `ft" is provided with; a flange ;L\,vvhileat M a' flange and cavity` is provided, for "the admission of steam from ther boiler 1 into the steam chest,

thein otherextremityathe bearing `S supporting the main rocker() being bolted to the top ofthe slide Q." The steam cylinder Vistfrinlyfsecuredftoi the framing A3 of the engine.

meiitstbeingconnected tothe- `link motion,

novvpinigeneral use on locomotive and 1na1`r1neeng1nes`,dwelpurpose to consider the operation `andfleiect offthe `ordina-ry link motion, i "in y connection` "with "the" `operation ancbeiiect off"the improved'ilink motion, as detailed in the i above fspeoication, the latter bei'ng inseparably` connecte'dwtothe former.

The `eccentricsyl)and"G` Which are `used on an ordinary-llink' motion, moveeachend of o the i link ini opposite directions to4 each other,

the motionbeingliinitedby the throw of" the eccentrics. The"stationaryjointtfjholds the linkin a cert-ainiposition which isl co-ntrolled` l byl the"positionl"ofi` reversing rodfM, cupnI the vstationary l bar being connected i to'`thei"reversin"gy lever "KF'andH, and supy portingy link 6,3 a l different position" of "the reversig rod Mtvillllconsequently raise or vlovvertlielinkli uponthe block g, and therei by `decreaseonincreaseasthe case may be Y the amount of motio'nfotthe rocker pin lig of main `rocker O, yvilverodfg, and `main ,valve c producingftl o y sooner4 or `later` tfhejaniount of* steam admitted, tothecylinderi The `motion of the valve al', is mainly derivedifrom the link motion, andils inI reference to the increase or takes ofthe motion of the, main rocker 0, o from* the* fact `that its center is' located upon l effect, of' cutting oii? i H l equidistant positions for the block Within 120 lthe; rocker arms Z anello, is` itself connected quadrant arm F; the reversing rod X, Which is held by its notches in a certain position upon the stationary bar N, determines the relative position of the block VWithin -the quadrant arm, being connected to the eccen- `tric rod P, by reversing lever e, fw and connecting link u, the highest position of `the block in the quadrant, producing more motion than the lowest position; however the difference of effect, does not mainly depend upon this vdiierence of motion, but

upon `the position in Which it places the valve in referenceto the steam ports z", g; t-he'highest. position ot the block Within the quadrant arlm, having a similar eilectl upon the time of exhaust, Within the valve d,

Which increase of inside lap, vvould have o uponra valve connected` to the ordinary link- 1motion, Without increasing the amount of icompression, which attends increase of inside lap in an ordinary valve, as t-hevalveld, does not necessarily require any inside lap, the compression beginning at the time ot the l exhaust-L 'To compare the action produced by` the common link motion and thisimprovedlink motion ive subjoin a table of the relative mean valuesrof` certain numbers, embracing those positions` of the valve mot-ion, which are generally taken as a test ofits performance at diit'erentdegreesof expansion. The 100 products Will be similar with a longer or `shorter"radius of link, or distancelbetween centen of aXle and rocker, With exception of the leadandlport, Which Will (for the shifting link) be slightly increased with a shorter radius; inithis .case 5 :tt.6 in. radius. The dimensions of the link motion used for these.

examples `Were such, astoproduce 5%, inches throw of main valve, at full-stroke of valve.`

Length lof mainrocker arms Sinches. Dis- 110 tance from center of rocker shaft Oto cent-er of differential rocker G 5 inches. Distance from center of diiterential rocker G to center ofvalve rod joint 3 inches. Distance tromf center of differential rocker G to the nearest endet the slot Within quadrant arm F, Sto inches. Length of that slotl 16 inches." i

i Thequadrant arm F, is"divided in eight it, the eighth position being nearestto the centerof the-rocker. In the table the valve moved by the common linkis understood by the letter Z, beingl compared to thevalve motion produced" by the main valve c', and 125 valve cZ; yalve Z has inch outsidaand inch inside lap; valve-.0 l inch outside lap; valve d l inch outside and no4 inside` lap, adjusted so as to exhaust at equal times l,- inch. Exhaust port 3 inches. 22 inches near both ends of the stroke. St-eamports length of stroke.

Forward motion.

Size of steam- Differ. ports open for Time of exhaust. ential the exhaust. Notches ex.

for difhaust C ferint equal Steam omroc er toan cut- Travel. Lead. Sme gfrtseam preswhich amount ofi. p sion. may of in- Diferent Dierent be used side notches. notches. for the lap on `diiferavaive ent moved grades by the of cutordioff. Z almi z. c. d. z c' z c d z d. d z d d z m0 i0 2in se 5111- 3g- 111 T11 11 11 1 11- H1; }21; 2%, }211,1 110s 18 3151 5111 a; 131, 11, 11il1 1g i 111 }21g {Zl 2%, per lr03 16 2g 41 :ai 1 {ful- 1g 11a 31 le, 11,1 nog 2h11 2f, i185 1104 14 21 sa 2151 a 111 a 1151 1 1 lll, f i201 2, }17 1105 125 21EE 3g- 2111 11 111 {mi} l, 111 g }191 2, }16 1106 11 21a 31 1g {fuL 1 *a e o 1a 1% }19 {,g ,l15 1107 e 9 2 a 161 a *111 a o 11 7, }18g- {1,1, 2, ,131 1w? *111 75 11gY 21% 11 1111 11 *e *111 o 111 {1,11, 7% }171A 2, }12 1107 SF Steam exhaust.

5 The back-motion is substantially the same same rate, the other points remain substanas the forward motion. tially the same.

The table shows under the head travel The application of these improvements, that the motion of l is less than that of from the fact that they are applicable to Z and c. The lead of the main valve C is most any steam machinery, Where motion is 45 l0 less than Z. Size of steam ports of c larger converted from reciprocating into rotary, is

than those of Z. Size of steam ports of valve capable of considerable modication, withcZ is of no practical value except near full out changing its character. Both main and stroke, where it cuts off the steam from 18 differential rocker may have their arms to 20g; inches by shifting the differential straight or inverted; the location of bear- 50 l rocker motion from the first to the eighth ings, and the construction of other parts notch. Size of steam ports open forA the ex- Connected to the improvement are necessahaust, for the different notches of valve CZ, rily modified to suit the design of their reis somewhat larger for d than it is for Z. spective engines, as also the result of the Time of exhaust of the valve al, throughout valve gear may be considerably modified by 55 the whole of its motion, begins at a later in and outside lap throw of valves and the part of the stroke, than it does for valve Z. connections of the differential rocker. while if changed to the different notches the We do not desire to confine our claim to steam exhausts still nearer to the end of the any precise manner 'of construction or applistroke. Time of compression, which is only cation of the improvement, as from its capa- 60 marked for the valve Z, is for the valve d' bility of being applied' to steam engines of which has no inside lap, equal with the time different designs and purposes, its adaptafor exhaust. The number of notches which tion may as already stated call for modificamay be used for the different points of cuttions of parts connected to the improveofi", is not alike, as if the notches would be ment; but 65 used beyond those indicated, valve Z would We do claimleave opening for the steam to enter, after l. The differential rocker Gr, operated subvalve c has cut off. The last column indistantially as described, in connection with cates for three points of the cut-off, the the stationaryor shifting-link motion, for amount of inside lap necessary to produce, the purposes of increasing the opening of 70 the difference in time of the exhaust, given the steam ports, at the higher grades of exby the variable exhaust. pansion, and retarding and varying the time By increasing the lap of the main valve of exhaust, without incurring early comfrom 1 inch to l-linches, the port at half pression, attending increase of inside lap on stroke is increased, and by increasing the an ordinary valve. y 75 proportions of the differential rocker, at the 2. Ve also claim the duplicate valve seats f AB beng erariged perallelto each one pssage K .toward the back end' of the wother,.prov1ded With steam ports f e/-ig cylinder.

. `@ml an exhaust port h the two steam ports H. UHRY. [1.. s.] `g and e towadfthe front of the cylinder, A H. A. LUTTGENS. [L s] 5 joining in one passage T. lead the `stema to Witnesses:

f that end of the cylinder; the other two J. A. DAY,

" steam ports i `enl f leading `the steam into l AND, MEAD, 

